Психологічні особливості тривожності дитини молодшого шкільного віку як чинника навчальної неуспішності

Abstract

1. Revealed relevance and research problems. Children 's anxiety, on the one hand, has the problem of failure or inability to establish contact with those around the child. Problems on the other hand are low self - doubt, a constant sense of self - blame, a sharp response to failure, hypertrophy of negative aspects in the emotional experience, the possible formation of a reaction of neurotic spectrum. The problems of school difficulties are social, psychological medical, pedagogical, as well as economic and political, which brings them to the world scale. Children are the future, so every society aims to educate and teach a citizen with a high level of mental abilities and consciousness. Therefore, the relevance and insufficient study of this issue determined the choice of the topic of the master thesis :"Psychological features of anxiety of a child of primary school age as factors of educational failure." 2. The literature on the picularities of the work of the practical psychologist school is analyzed. The study of anxiety in the context of educational activities was conducted by domestic and foreign scientists: V. Astapov O. Zacharov, K. Izard, R. Lazarus, Ch. Spielberger, Z. Freud and others. Scientists, in analyzing the essence of the concept of anxiety, emphasized its various aspects. Thus, Rubinstein defined anxiety as an emotional state, as a response to a situation of unreasonable expectation of danger, when there is an uncontrolled development of events. The topic of the connection between anxiety and school success was studied by Y. Babayan, S. Kornienko, R. Bytyakova and S. Stavytska. 3. Psychological features of anxiety of a child of primary school age as a factor of educational failure are investigated. 4. The concept of "school anxiety" is defined - anxiety is an emotional state of humiliating, personal, intolerable, absolute embarrassment, in which an individual expects failure, danger, some uncertainty and conditions of importance and significance. 5. Theoretical analysis and empirical research of psychological features of anxiety of a child of primary school age as a factor of educational failure is carried out, the program of psychological correction of anxiety of children of primary school age is substantiated and developed, their efficiency is checked and analyzed. It can be concluded that a high level of anxiety prevails in students with learning failure. In students with an average level of anxiety, success was achieved in 33, 3 percent at a high level, 47, 6 percent at an average level, in 19,04 percent there was a learning failure. Among junior students with low level of anxiety, medium and low levels of anxiety were found in 0,5 percent , a high level of success was not observed. 6. Reliability and probability of research results were ensured by consistent implementation of theoretical provisions in solving problems of empirical research, application of a system of methods and techniques adequate to the object, subject, purpose and task of research, conducting experimental work with reliability and validity, representativeness of sampling and use of methods of mathematical statistics for processing the obtained data.