Формування вмінь самостійної роботи з підручником у початковій школі

Abstract

The article considers the problems of forming the skills of independent textbook development in primary school. The analysis of linguodidactic sources led to the determination of psychological and pedagogical conditions for the successful acquisition of language knowledge by junior students through independent exercises. The types of independent work as a meaningful, intrinsically motivated activity of primary school students at different structural stages of the Ukrainian language lesson are analyzed. The method of planning and conducting independent work in the study of grammar and spelling material by junior students, which must be taken into account by the teacher during the lesson, taking into account the specifics of the subject, is singled out and described. It is noted that the motivational and developmental orientation of the modern textbook in the native language is strengthened, given the importance of mastering language and speech competencies by primary school students in accordance with the requirements of the New Ukrainian School. The methodical features of independent educational activity at actualization of basic knowledge, studying of new material, consolidation and repetition of knowledge, abilities and skills of pupils according to the textbook «Ukrainian language» are specified. It is proved that for effective work with the textbook as a means of acquiring new knowledge the method of setting tasks in the textbook, its methodological apparatus, didactic advice and algorithms of sequence of material processing, proposed rules, instructions on their awareness are important. The independence of primary school students in working with the textbook is ensured by the scientific and accessible linguistic knowledge, problem-cognitive nature of the material, the involvement of tasks that require the ability to think, analyze, compare linguistic phenomena and facts, summarize, draw conclusions. It is investigated that the methodical apparatus of the textbook provides a system of questions and tasks that contribute to the formation of language knowledge, speech development and logical-verbal thinking of children, expanding their general worldview, experience of emotional and value attitude to the world and creative activity.