Комунікативні стратегії і тактики у риторичному дискурсі (англ.)

Abstract

The article focuses on the study of communicative strategies and tactics in English talks of TED conferences where speakers use speech technologies aimed at changing the information picture of the world. TED talks are included in the rhetorical discourse. Rhetoric can be defined as the use of symbols to induce social action. Communicative strategies as methods of communicative behavior of the speaker can be conscious and unconscious. Consciousness involves designing in the minds of the speaker a communicative act: an understanding of the communicative goal and modeling the means of achieving it. Rhetorical discourses, which include TED conferences, involve a conscious choice of communicative strategies by speakers. While preparing their talks, TED speakers bear in mind some definite communicative goal. This communicative goal is achieved by the speaker through the implementation of the planned communicative strategies. The nature of communication between the addressee and the addresser in the rhetorical discourse is in the form of a monologue, since the speaker reaches the communicative goal through a pre-prepared text, which is implemented regardless of the feedback of the listeners (applause, laughter, manifestation of emotions). The strategies used in TED talks are the following: a self-presentation strategy, a strategy of forming an emotional state, an argumentative strategy, an explanatory one, a strategy modifying the illocutionary force of the utterance, as well as a strategy of storytelling.